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The 111th U.s. Congress, in session from 2009 to 2010, consisted of 541 elected officials from l states, five territories, and the District of Columbia. Information technology is the federal legislature of the United states of america of America, continuing an unbroken chain dating back to the 1st Congress in 1789.

The Senate has 100 members; the Business firm of Representatives has 435 members and six non-voting delegates.

Demographics [edit]

In the Senate, in that location were 17 women: Barbara Boxer (D-CA), Maria Cantwell (D-WA), Susan Collins (R-ME), Kay Hagan (D-NC), Dianne Feinstein (D-CA), Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY), Kay Bailey Hutchison (R-TX), Amy Klobuchar (D-MN), Mary Landrieu (D-LA), Blanche Lincoln (D-AR), Claire McCaskill (D-MO), Barbara Mikulski (D-Doc), Lisa Murkowski (R-AK), Patty Murray (D-WA), Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH), Olympia Snowe (R-ME), and Debbie Stabenow (D-MI).

At that place were 13 Jews, two Cuban Americans (Bob Menendez, D-NJ and Ted Cruz, R-TX), one Native Hawaiian (Daniel Akaka, D-Hello) and i African American, Roland Burris (D-IL). The boilerplate age of senators in 2007 was 62 years.[1] The oldest senator was Frank Lautenberg (D-NJ), born January 23, 1924. The youngest senator was Bill of fare Goodwin (D-WV), born Feb 27, 1974. The median age of all Americans is 38 years.[two]

Religious demographics [edit]

Religious affiliations of Members of Congress[3]
Religion Percent
Protestant 54.seven%
Catholic thirty.1%
Jewish 8.4%
Latter-twenty-four hours Saint 2.half dozen%
Eastern Orthodox 1.3%
Unknown 0.9%
Other Christian 0.six%
Other Faiths 0.6%
Muslim 0.4%
Buddhist 0.iv%

The top five religious affiliations in the 111th Congress were Roman Catholic (30.i%), Baptist (12.4%), Methodist (ten.seven%), Jewish (viii.four%), and Presbyterian (8.1%).[iii] Protestant denominations have held a large majority throughout congressional history, reflecting American's traditional demographics. In the 111th Congress, 54.7% of seats were held by members of Protestant denominations.

45 Jews served in the 111th Congress. 11 representatives and half dozen senators were members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Senator Olympia Snowe, also equally Representatives John Sarbanes, Zack Infinite, Gus Bilirakis, Dina Titus, Niki Tsongas and Melissa Bean are Eastern Orthodox Christians.

In 2007, Keith Ellison of Minnesota became the showtime practicing Muslim to go a fellow member of the United states Congress. He was joined by André Carson of Indiana following a special election on March eleven, 2008. Mazie Hirono of Hawaii and Hank Johnson of Georgia became the first 2 Buddhists to be elected to the United states Congress on Nov vii, 2006. Johnson is a member of the Soka Gakkai movement and Hirono is a member of the Jodo Shinshu sect, although she is non-practicing. Both are Japanese Buddhist oriented.

Senator Kent Conrad (D-Due north.D.) and Representatives Walt Minnick (D-Idaho) and Pete Stark (D-CA) were the just Unitarian Universalists that served in the 111th Congress. In a response to a March 2007 survey from the Secular Coalition for America, Rep. Pete Stark became the only open atheist in the history of Congress.[4] Ane fellow member of the 111th Congress is a Quaker, Representative Rush Holt (D-NJ).

9 members of the 111th Congress were categorized Non Given / Unspecified / Unavailable / Don't Know.

Hawaii is the only country that currently holds a bulk non-Christian House delegation; both representatives Mazie Hirono and Colleen Hanabusa are Buddhists.

Sexual orientation [edit]

There have been half dozen openly lesbian, gay, or bisexual members in the history of Congress. Gerry Studds (elected in 1972) became the beginning openly gay man to serve in congress when he publicly appear his sexuality in 1982.[5] Barney Frank (serving since 1981) kickoff spoke publicly almost his sexual orientation in 1987.[6] Steve Gunderson, elected in 1980 and outed in 1994,[7] and Jim Kolbe, elected in 1984 and outed in 1996,[eight] are 2 other previous members of Congress who were openly gay. Current Senator Tammy Baldwin is the get-go and then far the just open up lesbian to win election to Congress.[ix] In 1998, she became the first ever openly gay person to win election to Congress equally a non-incumbent. She went on to become the kickoff openly gay person to win election to the U.S. Senate in 2012.[x] Erstwhile California representative Michael Huffington is bisexual, just did not come out until after his term had concluded.[11] Jared Polis (who was elected in 2008 and assumed part on January vi, 2009) is the first openly gay man to have been elected to the House as a freshman. Republican representative Mark Foley's homosexuality was well known in his commune, though he did non serve openly in Congress and did not come up out publicly until afterward his term ended.[12] [thirteen]

Occupational background [edit]

Members of the 111th Congress come from a diverseness of occupational backgrounds. Equally of the beginning of the 111th Congress, members of Congress include:

  • 269 members (227 Representatives, two Delegates, and 40 Senators) served in state or territorial legislatures
  • 214 members (182 Representatives and 33 Senators) list their occupation every bit public service/politics
  • 225 (168 Representatives and 57 Senators) listing law[fourteen]
  • 201 (175 Representatives and 27 Senators) list business
  • 94 (78 Representatives and 16 Senators) list instruction
  • At to the lowest degree 112 members of the 111th Congress were quondam congressional staffers, including 9 congressional pages. Thirteen accept served as White House staffers or White House Fellows, and several have served equally executive branch employees
  • 38 members have been mayors (Sens. Mark Begich, Bob Corker, Mike Enzi, Dianne Feinstein, Jim Inhofe, Mike Johanns, Richard Lugar, Bob Menendez, Bernie Sanders, George Voinovich, Reps. Brian Bilbray, Bobby Vivid, Judy Chu, Mike Capuano, Emanuel Cleaver, Lincoln Davis, Marcia Fudge, Elton Gallegly, Kay Granger, Dennis Kucinich, Kenny Marchant, Jim Marshall, Howard McKeon, Gary Miller, Harry Mitchell, Jim Moran, Sue Myrick, Grace Napolitano, Richard Neal, Neb Pascrell, Phil Roe, Steve Rothman, Albio Sires, Bennie Thompson, Mike Turner, Rob Wittman, Don Young), xiii state governors (Sens. Lamar Alexander, Mark Warner, Evan Bayh, Judd Gregg, Jay Rockefeller, Jeanne Shaheen, Kit Bail, George Voinovich, Mike Johanns, Ben Nelson, Tom Carper, Jim Risch, and Rep. Michael Castle), eleven lieutenant governors (including two delegates: Sens. John Kerry, Harry Reid, Jim Risch, George Voinovich, Reps. Michael Castle, Mary Fallin, John Garamendi, Mazie Hirono, Denny Rehberg, Dels. Madeleine Bordallo and Eni Faleomavaega), 1 state get-go lady (Olympia Snowe was offset lady of Maine while she was a Congresswoman), and one territorial start lady (Del. Madeleine Bordallo);
  • 24 members were wellness care professionals
    • Of the 24, 16 were medical doctors (xiv Representatives and two Senators: family unit medicine specialists Rep. Vic Snyder, John C. Fleming, Paul Broun, and Del. Donna Christian-Christensen; psychiatrist Rep. Jim McDermott; ob/gyns Sen. Tom Coburn and Reps. Michael C. Burgess, Ron Paul, Phil Roe, and Phil Gingrey; allergist Rep. Steve Kagen; hepatologist/gastroenterologist Rep. Bill Cassidy; heart surgeon Rep. Charles Boustany; radiations oncologist Rep. Parker Griffith; orthopedic surgeons Sen. John Barrasso and Rep. Tom Price). Of the 16, 12 represent districts or states in the South (three are from Louisiana); 12 are Republicans and four are Democrats.[fifteen]
    • Three nurses (Reps. Carolyn McCarthy, Lois Capps, and Eddie Bernice Johnson)
    • Two dentists (Reps. John Linder and Mike Simpson)
    • 2 veterinarians (Rep. Kurt Schrader and Sen. John Ensign)
    • One psychologist (Rep. Brian Baird), an optometrist (Rep. John Boozman), a clinical dietician (Rep. Kathy Dahlkemper), and a pharmacist (Rep. Robert Marion Berry);
  • Nine members were involved with agriculture: Three organic farmers (including Sen. Jon Tester and Rep. Mike Thompson), iii ranchers, 2 vintners (Reps. George Radanovich and Mike Thompson), and a fruit orchard worker;
  • Seven members were involved in music, film, or sports, including two professional musicians and a semi-professional musician, a screenwriter, a documentary filmmaker, as well every bit a Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher (Sen. Jim Bunning) and a National Football game League quarterback (Rep. Heath Shuler).
  • 5 members are engineers (including Reps. Joe Barton, Cliff Stearns, Pete Stark).
  • Six members are scientists: iii physicists (Reps. Blitz Holt, Beak Foster, and Vern Ehlers),[16] a chemist (Rep. Ed Pastor[17]), a microbiologist (Rep. Louise Slaughter), and a physiologist (Rep. Roscoe Bartlett).
  • Half dozen members are former automobile dealers.
  • Six members worked in media: One radio talk show host, one radio/television broadcaster, 1 radio broadcaster, i newscaster, one television reporter, and one television commentator
  • 5 members are former Peace Corps volunteers (Sen. Chris Dodd and Reps. Mike Honda, Sam Farr, Tom Petri, and Steve Driehaus)
  • Five members are quondam accountants (Rep. Mike Conaway)
  • Iv members are ministers
  • Four members were sheriffs (Rep. Dave Reichert), one a deputy sheriff, iv police officers (including a Capitol policeman), two state troopers (Rep. Kendrick Meek of the Florida Highway Patrol and Rep. Bart Stupak of the Michigan Land Police), two probation officers, one FBI special agent, one Edge Patrol chief, and one volunteer fire-eater
  • 2 members have served as members of the Cabinet (Sens. Lamar Alexander and Mike Johanns), three served as state supreme court justices (Rep. Lloyd Doggett, Sen. John Cornyn), and ane each was Secretary of the Navy (Sen. Jim Webb), a U.s.a. Navy vice admiral, a Deputy Banana Secretarial assistant of State, a Department of Defense counterterrorism consultant, an administrator, and a federal guess (Alcee Hastings)
  • One member served as a parliamentary aide in the British Business firm of Commons and one served equally a Foreign Service Officer.
  • One fellow member has been an astronaut, one a naval aviator, 1 a commander of a carrier battle group (Rep. Joe Sestak, a retired vice admiral and the highest-ranking former serviceman in Congress), two were instructors at West Point (Rep. Patrick White potato) and (Rep. Thomas Rooney), and ane a pilot of Marine One, the presidential helicopter
  • Many members have other professions: There were three carpenters, two banking concern tellers, a driving instructor, a cosmetics saleswoman, a mount guide, a ski instructor; a casino dealer, a night watchman, a prison house guard, a furniture salesman, an ironworker (Rep. Stephen Lynch), an autoworker, a clothing factory worker, a textile worker, an oilfield worker, a mortician, a coroner, a waitress (Rep. Shelley Berkley), a Teamster and dairy worker, a paper factory worker (Rep. Mike Michaud), a cement institute worker (Rep. Maurice Hinchey), a meat cutter (Sen. Robert Byrd), a shellfish specialist (Rep. Rob Wittman), a tugboat captain (Rep. Don Young), a taxicab driver, an auctioneer, a toll booth collector, and a hotel clerk.

War machine service [edit]

Some members of the 111th Congress had served in the United states of america armed services; some are combat veterans. There were 167 veterans in the 107th Congress, 153 in the 108th Congress, 126 in the 110th Congress, and 121 in the 111th Congress.[xviii] [nineteen] Some were still serving as reservists during their tenure.

On Dec 17, 2012, Senators Frank Lautenberg and Daniel Akaka became the last remaining World State of war II veterans in the Senate after Senator Daniel Inouye died of respiratory complications. Representatives Ralph Hall and John Dingell were the final remaining WWII veterans in the House of Representatives, though Representative Hall lost his 2022 primary battle and Dean of the House Dingell retired at the cease of that aforementioned congress. On Jan 3, 2013, Senator Lautenberg was the final remaining WWII veteran serving in the senate until his untimely decease on June iii, 2013.

Sen. Jim Webb (D-VA), a Marine Corps veteran, served in Vietnam as platoon commander with Delta Company, 1st Battalion 5th Marines; he earned a Navy Cross, Argent Star, two Bronze Stars, and ii Regal Hearts. Sen. John McCain (R-AZ) served in Vietnam as a naval aviator. Shot downwards during his 23rd bombing mission over Vietnam in 1967, McCain was captured and tortured as a pow and was finally released in March 1973. He earned the Silver Star, Bronze Star, Purple Center, Distinguished Flying Cross, Navy Commendation Medal and the Pow Medal, though it was created years after his release.

Race/ethnicity [edit]

African Americans [edit]

African Americans currently brand up about thirteen% of the U.s. population, but have historically been underrepresented in Congress. In the 111th Congress, 42 members (9.v%) of the House were African American. Every bit of 2010, there was 1 African-American serving in the Senate. Roland Burris was sworn in as senator on Jan 15, 2009, after being appointed by Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich. Following the stop of Burris's tenure in the Senate and his replacement by Republican Mark Kirk on November 29, 2010, at that place were once once again no African Americans serving in the Senate. Barack Obama previously held Burris'southward seat merely resigned from his position on November 16, 2008, after winning the Presidential election of 2008 and becoming the beginning African American to be elected President of the United States. Until the emancipation of enslaved African Americans later the Civil War and the passage of the Civil Rights Human action of 1866, blacks were generally barred from voting outside of the Northeast. As a effect of these new laws, Joseph Rainey and Jefferson F. Long won election to Congress in majority-blackness districts and Hiram Rhodes Revels was appointed equally senator from Mississippi (so a majority-blackness state) in 1870. Nonetheless, the end of Reconstruction in 1876 marked a weakening of black rights and by 1901, when George Henry White left the House after losing a reelection bid, at that place were no African Americans left in Congress.

In 1929, Oscar Stanton de Priest became the first African American congressman since White. He and his successor, Arthur W. Mitchell, spent their tenure every bit the only African Americans in Congress while representing a majority-black Firm district in Chicago. Non until the election of Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. of New York City's Harlem did Congress characteristic 2 African Americans serving at the same time in the modern era. The Voting Rights Deed of 1965, which strengthened black voting rights, increased the position of black office-seekers. Shirley Chisholm became the first African American female member of Congress when she won a 1968 election in New York, while Andrew Young of Georgia became the first modern African American congressman from the South after he won election in 1972. In 1970, a year that saw the ballot of four black freshman congressman, black membership in the House reached double-digits.

Only 8 African Americans have served in the U.S. Senate. Hiram Revels and Blanche Bruce both served during Reconstruction in then majority-blackness Mississippi. Popularly elected black senators are Edward Brooke (served 1967–79), Ballad Moseley Braun (served 1993–99 every bit the first black female senator), Barack Obama (served 2005–08), and Cory Booker (2013-). Roland Burris (served 2008-2010) was appointed to finish the term of and then-president-elect Obama, and Tim Scott was appointed in Jan 2013 to stop the term of Jim DeMint, who left the Senate to head the Heritage Foundation.[20] Brooke served in Massachusetts, while Braun, Obama, and Burris each held the same Illinois seat. Scott serves from South Carolina and is the first African-American U.South. senator from the South since Reconstruction. Booker won a special election in October 2013 and is the commencement African-American senator from New Jersey. He was elected to stop the term of the late Frank Lautenberg, who died in June 2013.[21] Both Scott and Booker confront reelection in 2022 and, should they run and win, would become the showtime elected African-American U.S. senators to serve in the bedroom concurrently.

Hispanic Americans [edit]

Representation of Hispanics is somewhat circuitous, specially because of the different ways to define membership in this group. Hispanics stand for over 14% of the U.Southward. population, while the Senate was 3% Hispanic and the Firm was approximately five% (25 members) Hispanic. Considering that Hispanics make up but 4% of American voters, Hispanic political incorporation has been relatively high compared with previous immigrant groups. The Congressional Hispanic Caucus[22] has 21 members. José Manuel Gallegos, a Mexican American, was the start Hispanic in Congress. He was the first delegate to the U.s. Congress from the Territory of New Mexico. The kickoff to represent a state was Romualdo Pacheco, a Mexican American, who represented California in 1877. In 1929, Octaviano Ambrosio Larrazolo of New Mexico became the first Hispanic to exist elected to the United States Senate. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, a Cuban American first elected in 1989, was the offset Hispanic adult female in Congress. While Hispanic women take served in House, none accept been elected to the Senate.

Different black Americans, Hispanics never were legally barred from the polls, and in New United mexican states and California, they were a big and influential minority. Since the election of Dennis Chavez and Joachim O. Fernández to the House in 1931, Hispanics have continuously been represented in Congress. About Hispanic members of Congress, including all elected prior to 1970, were of Mexican descent with the exception of Herman Badillo, who won election in 1970, becoming the first Puerto Rican from a mainland land in Congress. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen was elected in 1989 as the first Cuban American congresswoman.

Prior to 2005, but three Hispanics accept won a term in the U.South. Senate. These members were Octaviano Larrazola (served 1928–29), Dennis Chavez (formerly of the Firm, and served 1935–62), and Joseph Montoya (also formerly a Firm member, served 1964–77), all of Mexican descent. Notwithstanding, two Hispanics won Senate seats in 2004, Ken Salazar and Mel Martinez (the start Cuban American senator). Every bit of the 113th Congress, there are three Hispanics in the United states of america Senate: Bob Menendez, a Democrat from New Jersey; Marco Rubio, a Republican from Florida; and Ted Cruz, Republican of Texas. They are all Cuban-American.

Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders [edit]

Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders accept a high level of political incorporation in terms of their actual voting population. However, as a consequence of this group's historically depression voting rates, overall political incorporation of the general population is relatively depression. The population of this group has increased in size by 600% in the last 30 years[ when? ] due to immigration. Despite high levels of naturalization and voter outreach efforts, this primarily foreign-built-in community with less than ane% of voters has 2% of congressional population. As 4.4% of the total population in the The states falls into this category, this two% notwithstanding represents less than half of the total Asian American and Pacific Islander population.

There were eight members of Asian or Islander descent in the House and three in the Senate. Senator Daniel Inouye and Representatives Mike Honda, Doris Matsui, and Mazie Hirono are all Japanese Americans. Senator Daniel Akaka is a Native Hawaiian, Delegate Eni Faleomavaega is a Samoan, and Joseph Cao is a Vietnamese American. Bobby Scott of Virginia, who is also half African American, has Filipino American ancestry. Steve Republic of austria of Ohio too claims Filipino American ethnicity. John Ensign of Nevada has claimed that he is one/8 Filipino American, enlarging the number of those who merits to exist Filipino American in Congress to the highest point since the Philippine Islands had been represented as a territory. Judy Chu became the first Chinese American woman in Congress when she won a special election in 2009. David Wu of Oregon is Taiwanese American.

Robert William Wilcox, a Native Hawaiian who served as Hawaiian territorial delegate from 1900 to 1903, was the first Pacific Islander chosen to serve in Congress. Benito Legarda y Tuason and Pablo Ocampo joined the Firm in 1907 as Resident Commissioners, becoming the outset Asian Americans to serve in the Congress, and beginning the representation of the Philippines which concluded in 1947. Dalip Singh Saund (served 1957–63) was the outset South Asian American in Congress and is 1 of only 2 Indian Americans to be elected to the legislature. Hiram Fong, who served three decades in the Senate from 1959 to 1977, is the first and one of just ii Chinese American members to have entered Congress. Daniel Inouye (serving since 1959) was the first Japanese American in the House and later the first in Senate. Patsy Mink (served 1965–77 and once more from 1990 to 2002) was the first Asian American woman in Congress. Bobby Scott, elected in 1993, is the commencement United states born member of Congress to have Filipino ancestry. David Wu, elected in 1998, is the simply person of Taiwanese beginnings to serve in Congress, while in 2009, Joseph Cao became the first Vietnamese American in the legislature.

Just 5 members of the U.South. Senate have always been of Asian American or Pacific Islander backgrounds. 4 of these politicians accept been from Hawaii.

Native Americans [edit]

Compared with the European American, African American, Latino, and Asian/Pacific American communities, American Indians, who comprise 1.5% of the population, are the nearly underrepresented group. Tom Cole, a Chickasaw, and Markwayne Mullin, a Cherokee, are the only registered American Indians currently in Congress. Tracking Native American members of Congress is circuitous, since many people of mixed blood are not registered as part of the American Indian population. Charles Curtis, who was three-eighths Native American and had ancestry from a variety of dissimilar tribes, was elected in 1892 equally the first U.S. representative from this group. Curtis accomplished several other firsts during his political tenure. He became the first American Indian to serve in the US Senate (in office 1907–13 and 1915–29), to pb a major party (served equally Republican Senate Majority Leader from 1925 to 1929), and to obtain the office of Vice President.

Several of the nation's major tribes take been represented in Congress in limited number. Charles David Carter (served 1907–27) was the first Chickasaw in Congress; William Wirt Hastings (served 1915–35) was the first Cherokee in the legislature; Ben Reifel (served 1961–71) was the offset Sioux to win ballot to the body. Other than Curtis, merely a few members of the U.South. Senate take been American Indians. Robert Latham Owen (served 1907–25) and Ben Nighthorse Campbell (served 1993–2005 after several previous terms in the House and the commencement Cheyenne in Congress) are the others to have earned that stardom.

Centre Eastern Americans [edit]

Heart Eastern Americans also have typically low levels of voting incorporation, except among a particular voting group. Every bit a group, Middle Eastern Americans are non measured by the U.Due south. Demography, which, combined with differences in the definition of this grouping, makes measuring its percentage of the population difficult. Estimates identify about i.8% of the nation'south population to exist of this origin. Almost all Centre Eastern members of Congress take been Lebanese Americans. George Kasem became the beginning Lebanese congressman when he won his commencement and only term in 1958. Since Abraham Kazen took part in 1967, serving until 1985, Lebanese Americans accept consistently served in Congress. There are currently two Lebanese members of the House: Charles Boustany, and Darrell Issa.

V members of the U.South. Senate accept been of Centre Eastern descent, all five with Arab American beginnings and four of Lebanese descent. James Abourezk, who served from 1973 to 1979, became the get-go Lebanese American Senator. George Mitchell (served 1980-95), who is one-half Lebanese, became the get-go Middle Eastern American party leader, as he served as Senate Majority Leader from 1989 to 1995. James Abdnor (served 1981-87) and Spencer Abraham (served 1995-2001) as well were Lebanese American senators, while John Sununu is the but person of Palestinian beginnings to serve in Congress. Member of Congress Anna Eshoo is also of Middle Eastern descent, she is an Assyrian.

Foreign-born Americans [edit]

Ii Senators were built-in overseas to U.Due south. denizen parents, John McCain of Arizona and Michael Bennet of Colorado, (who were born in the Panama Culvert Zone and India, respectively. Senator Ted Cruz (Texas) was born in Canada to a Cuban (U.S. permanent resident) father and a native-born American mother.

In that location were eight current Representatives who were born overseas—Lincoln Diaz-Balart, Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, and Albio Sires from Cuba; Mazie Hirono from Japan; Ciro Rodriguez from Mexico; Pete Hoekstra from the Netherlands; and David Wu from Taiwan. Foreign-born Congresspersons comprised 2% of the voting membership of the House. This figure does not include four members who were born overseas to U.S. citizen parents: Geoff Davis (Canada), Chris Van Hollen (Pakistan), James A. Himes (Peru), and Diana DeGette (Japan).[23]

White [edit]

A majority of members of the 111th Congress fall into this category. This includes Chuck Grassley (president pro tempore of the Senate), Nancy Pelosi (Speaker of the House of Representatives), Chuck Schumer (Democratic Senate Leader), Mitch McConnell (Republican Senate Leader), and Kevin McCarthy (Republican House Leader).

Elections [edit]

Elections for all House seats and 35 Senate seats were held on Nov four, 2008, across the country. The Democratic Party increased its bulk in both houses, and regained control of the White Firm before the end of the 2nd term of George W. Bush-league. Summary of the November four, 2008, Usa Senate election results

Parties Total
Democratic Republican Independent Libertarian Independence Light-green Others
Earlier these elections 49 49 2 — — — — 100
Not
upwards 		Class 1 (2006→2012) 22 eight 2 — — — — 31
Class 3 (2004→2010) 15 19 — — — — — 34
Total 37 26 2 — — — — 65
Upwards Class 1 — 2 — — — — — 2
Class 2 12 21 — — — — — 33
Total 12 23 — — — — — 35
Incumbent
retired 		Full before — 5 — — — — — 5
Held past same party — 2 — — — — — 2
Replaced by other party Decrease 3 Republicans
replaced past
Increase 3 Democrats 		— — — — — 3
Upshot later 3 2 — — — — — 5
Incumbent
ran 		Total before 12 18 — — — — — 30
Won election 12 thirteen — — — — — 25
Lost ballot Decrease five Republicans
replaced by
Increase 5 Democrats 		— — — — — v
Event after 17 thirteen — — — — — thirty
Net gain/loss Increase 8 Decrease viii — — — — — 8
Total elected xx 15 — — — — — 35
Nation-wide vote Votes[A] 33,650,061 28,863,067 176,752 798,154 450,702 427,427 496,124 64,862,287
Share 51.88% 44.50% 0.27% 1.23% 0.69% 0.66% 0.76% 100%
Result 57 41 2 — — — — 100
  1. ^ For the Georgia senate race, votes from the runoff election are counted.

Sources:

  • Clerk of the U.S. Business firm of Representatives[24]
  • U.S. Senate Pop Vote and FEC Full Receipts by Party, via TheGreenPapers.com
  • "U.S. Senate (Full results)". CNN. July 1, 2009. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  • "The Green Papers 2008 U.S. Senate Popular Vote and FEC Full Receipts past Party". The Light-green Papers. Retrieved November 19, 2008.
United States House of Representatives elections, 2008
Party Voting members[25] [26] Non-voting members[27]
Votes Per centum Seats +/– Votes Percentage Seats +/–
Democratic [A] 59,713,061 53.04% 257 +21 1,952,133 94.34% four +i
Republican 49,717,154 44.16% 178 –21 ane,919 0.09% 0 –1
Libertarian 1,039,054 0.92% 0 0 — — 0 0
Contained[B] [C] 913,414 0.81% 0 0 21,574 1.04% ii +1
Dark-green 552,172 0.49% 0 0 fourteen,386 0.70% 0 0
Constitution 152,809 0.14% 0 0 — — 0 0
Independence 150,906 0.xiii% 0 0 — — 0 0
Working Families 97,805 0.09% 0 0 — — 0 0
Independent Oregon 64,468 0.06% 0 0 — — 0 0
Peace and Freedom 64,468 0.04% 0 0 — — 0 0
Purple 28,541 0.03% 0 0 — — 0 0
Conservative 25,148 0.02% 0 0 — — 0 0
Independent American 22,768 0.02% 0 0 — — 0 0
Reform 22,075 0.02% 0 0 — — 0 0
Alaskan Independence 12,071 0.01% 0 0 — — 0 0
Independent Green Populist 8,858 0.01% 0 0 — — 0 0
Socialist Workers 8,290 0.01% 0 0 — — 0 0
Progressive 7,920 0.01% 0 0 — — 0 0
American Contained 5,773 0.01% 0 0 — — 0 0
Vote People Alter iii,587 0.00% 0 0 — — 0 0
Unity 2,093 0.00% 0 0 — — 0 0
Term Limits for the Usa Congress 2,039 0.00% 0 0 — — 0 0
Socialist 519 0.00% 0 0 — — 0 0
Puerto Ricans for Puerto Rico — — 0 0 43,607 2.11% 0 0
Puerto Rican Independence — — 0 0 35,687 i.72% 0 0
Vacant[D] — — 0 –i — — 0 —
Invalid or blank votes
Totals 112,588,380 100.00% 435 — 2,069,306 100.00% 6 +i
Voter turnout

 iii internet Autonomous seat pickups

 1-ii internet Democratic seat pickups

 ane-2 net Republican seat pickups

A The number of non-voting members also includes the non-voting member-elect from Puerto Rico, Pedro Pierluisi, who is a member of the New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico, but will caucus with the Democrats. The New Progressive Political party is affiliated with both the Autonomous and Republican Parties and the representative from Puerto Rico, Luis Fortuño, caucused with the Republicans. The vote total for the non-voting members also includes the Popular Autonomous Party of Puerto Rico, which has ties to the Democratic Party.
B Both non-voting independents, American Samoa's representative Eni Faleomavaega and the Northern Mariana Islands' representative-elect Gregorio Sablan, will caucus with the Democrats. In America Samoa all elections are non-partisan.[28] In the Northern Mariana Islands, Sablan appeared on the ballot as an independent.[29]
C Write-in candidates are included with the vote totals.
D Ohio's 11th congressional district was previously Democratic before being vacant. The Democratic Party regained command later this ballot. A special election to fill up the seat for the remainder of the 110th Congress was held on November 15, 2008.

References [edit]

  1. ^ https://world wide web.senate.gov/reference/resources/pdf/RS22555.pdf
  2. ^ https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2177.html [ expressionless link ]
  3. ^ a b Faith on the Loma: The Religious Affiliations of Members of Congress Pew Forum. Retrieved on 2010-08-26.
  4. ^ Lin, Joanna (Jan 5, 2009). "111th Congress reflects greater religious diversity in the U.S." LA Times . Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  5. ^ First openly gay person elected to Congress dies NBC News, October 14, 2006.
  6. ^ "Representative Frank Discloses He Is Homosexual". The New York Times. May 31, 1987. Retrieved October 19, 2008.
  7. ^ The Advocate: Closeted in the majuscule: they're powerful, Republican, and gay. Will the marriage battle finally go them to come up out to their bosses?
  8. ^ Dunlap, David W. (August 3, 1996). "A Republican Congressman Discloses He Is a Homosexual". The New York Times . Retrieved October nineteen, 2008.
  9. ^ Congresswoman Tammy Baldwin | About Tammy Archived October 13, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  10. ^ CNN http://www.cnn.com/2012/11/07/politics/wisconsin-tammy-baldwin-senate/.
  11. ^ "A pol comes out". Time, CNN. December 21, 1998. Retrieved October nineteen, 2008.
  12. ^ Sheehy, Gail; Judy Bachrach (January 2007). "Don't Ask ... Don't Eastward-post". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on August 30, 2009. Retrieved August 18, 2009.
  13. ^ "Foley Comes Out; Gays Practice Not Gloat". All Things Considered. NPR. October 4, 2006. Retrieved August xviii, 2009.
  14. ^ https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R40086.pdf
  15. ^ Trapp, Doug. "The newest doctors in the House: Physicians become legislators." American Medical News. February 23, 2009.
  16. ^ Dean, Cornelia. "Physicists in Congress Calculate Their Influence." New York Times June 10, 2008.
  17. ^ "Science on the Hill – Chemists who have served in the Congress". Netdrive.montclair.edu. Archived from the original on June 14, 2010. Retrieved December 9, 2011.
  18. ^ Amer, Mildred. Membership of the 108th Congress: A Profile. 2004.
  19. ^ Amer, Mildred, and Jennifer Manning. "Membership of the 111th Congress: A Profile Archived Jan 24, 2009, at the Wayback Machine." Congressional Enquiry Service.
  20. ^ "The Fix". The Washington Post.
  21. ^ "Former Newark Mayor Cory Booker sworn in as U.Southward. senator". Reuters. October 31, 2013. Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved July 1, 2017.
  22. ^ https://web.annal.org/web/20070203185615/http://world wide web.napolitano.house.gov/chc/. Archived from the original on Feb 3, 2007. Retrieved Feb 9, 2007.
  23. ^ Function of the Clerk, U.S. Business firm of Representatives. (2010). Foreign Born Members in the 111th Congress. http://clerk.business firm.gov/library/reference-files/RFD_111_ForeignBorn_2.pdf
  24. ^ Clerk of the U.Southward. Business firm of Representatives (July 10, 2009). "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 4, 2008". U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 37, 68, 72.
  25. ^ "U.S. House". CNN. November v, 2008. Retrieved Nov 5, 2008.
  26. ^ "The Green Papers 2008 U.S. House Popular Vote and FEC Full Receipts by Party". The Greenish Papers. Retrieved November 13, 2008.
  27. ^ "2008 General Election". The Light-green Papers. Retrieved November 13, 2008.
  28. ^ "American Samoa 2008 General Ballot". The Green Papers. Retrieved November 11, 2008.
  29. ^ "Northern Marianas 2008 General Ballot". The Green Papers. Retrieved November 11, 2008.

External links [edit]

  • Hispanic Americans in Congress
  • This Nation
  • Congressional Pictoral Directory

edwardscafrocks1950.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Members_of_the_111th_United_States_Congress

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